Hydrothermal carbonization of wet biomass from nitrogen and phosphorus approach: A review

With increasing energy and resource consumption due to population growth, the biorefinery concept is becoming popular. This aims harness all properties of biomass by producing recovering useful chemical products. Nutrients such as nitrogen phosphorus play a key role in world’s food production because they are main elements used fertilizer production. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been presented suitable option for recovery that can also be pre-treatment enhanced nutrient recovery. During HTC process, part solubilized into process water other remains within hydrochar. Hydrochars mainly soil amendments their high content nitrogen, but this still contains considerable concentration these compounds making it potential source Therefore, may boost strategy extraction (process water) or densification (hydrochar) from if coupled with another process. review presents an overview fate during perspective recovery, presenting existing technologies future trends.